the city of Ur attempted to establish a dynasty for a new empire. The Gutian rule is considered a disorderly one that caused a severe downturn in the empire’s prospects. The final king of the Akkadian Empire, Shar-kali-sharri, died in 2193 B.C., and Mesopotamia went through a century of unrest, with different groups struggling for control.Īmong these groups were the Gutian people, barbarians from the Zagros Mountains. Under Sargon, trade beyond Mesopotamian borders grew, and architecture became more sophisticated, notably the appearance of ziggurats, flat-topped buildings with a pyramid shape and steps. Sargon expanded his empire through military means, conquering all of Sumer and moving into what is now Syria. When the city of Uruk invaded Kish, Sargon took Kish from Uruk and was encouraged to continue with conquest. He was at one point an officer who worked for the king of Kish, and Akkadia was a city that Sargon himself established. Little is known of Sargon’s background, but legends give him a similar origin to the Biblical story of Moses. It was considered the world’s first multicultural empire with a central government. under the leadership of the now-titled Sargon the Great. The Akkadian Empire existed from 2234-2154 B.C. They were briefly allies, conquering the city of Kish together, but Lugalzagesi’s mercenary Akkadian army was ultimately loyal to Sargon. King Lugalzagesi was the final king of Sumer, falling to Sargon of Akkad, a Semitic people, in 2334 B.C. For when the gods created man, they let death be his share, and life withheld in their own hands." When his friend is slain, Gilgamesh goes on a quest to discover the secret of eternal life, finding: "Life, which you look for, you will never find. In the epic poem, Gilgamesh goes on an adventure with a friend to the Cedar Forest, the land of the Gods in Mesopotamian mythology. The Epic of Gilgamesh is considered to be the earliest great work of literature and the inspiration for some of the stories in the Bible. Gilgamesh is believed to have been born in Uruk around 2700 B.C. Gilgamesh, the legendary subject of the Epic of Gilgamesh, is said to be Lugalbanda’s son.
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